Thailand: Elevated dengue fever activity reported nationwide through June

Event

Health authorities have reported elevated dengue fever activity nationwide in Thailand, with more than 19,500 cases reported Jan. 1-June 7. This is more than 5.8 times higher than the 3,386 cases reported over a similar period in 2022. Provinces reporting elevated dengue fever activity include Bangkok, Chanthaburi, Mae Hong Son, Nan, Rayong, and Trat. Health officials urge anyone who suspects that they are infected to seek medical treatment and avoid taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen. Residents are also urged to take preventative measures, including keeping their communities clean and eliminating mosquito breeding sites. This represents the most complete information available as of June 14.

Context

Dengue fever is a nationwide, year-round threat in Thailand; however, risk is typically highest May-October. Thai health officials predict that the increasing trend of dengue fever cases will continue during the rainy season between June and August. Thailand reported roughly 33,489 dengue fever cases nationwide in 2022, 10,617 cases in 2021, 50,042 cases in 2020, and 86,418 cases in 2019.

A dengue fever vaccine is available in some countries. It is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and in countries with high dengue fever burdens. Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: a severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated promptly.

Advice

If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.