On October 9th, the 2023 Nobel Prize in Economics was announced. This year it went to
Professor Claudia Goldin, Lecturer in Labor Marketing History from Harvard University
By studying data on the American labor market over the past 200 years, it was possible to see the causes of ‘Inequality’ in the labor market that occurs among women
Claudia’s work reveals gender inequality in women’s employment and wages. which mostly arises from gender discrimination The woman must be the one who is pregnant and on maternity leave. making it impossible to work continuously
And when looking back at the employment and income of female workers during the year 1770-1970 Information on women’s labor is often not recorded. Or recorded as only ‘wife’
The study also found that the relationship between women’s earnings in the U.S. labor market over the past 200 years is a U-shaped graph.
It explains that during the 18th century, more than half of married women went to work outside the home, such as textile work. But after the Industrial Revolution, Women’s workforce decreased to just 5%, and as the 20th century progressed, women began to re-enter the workforce.
The U-shaped graph is turning upside down. There are factors from technological progress. Opportunity to access higher education Increased demand for labor in the market and access to birth control pills This helps in family planning and gives women the right to determine their own lives.
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