Introduction
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB), a serious global health concern. Drug-resistant TB is a critical challenge for tuberculosis diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Virulence of MTB is influenced by various factors, including the natural background of the bacterium and their adaptive mechanisms in response to environmental stress.1–3 Mycobacterial cell wall serves as a barrier against the entry of harmful chemicals or antibiotic drugs into the cell.4 Mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) is a glycolipid found in the cell wall of MTB that acts as a virulence factor, supports MTB survival, and prevents the host defense mechanisms.5 ManLAM influences the host immune response in several ways, including phagosome maturation, antigen presentation, T cell activation and cytokine regulation.6 The major steps in ManLAM synthesis…
